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Silicon (Si) |
| Silicon is used as an optical window primarily in the 3 to 5 micron band and as a substrate for production of optical filters. Large blocks of Silicon with polished faces are also employed as neutron targets in Physics experiments. |
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Product Data |
| Transmission Range : |
1.2 to 15 μm (1) |
| Refractive Index : |
3.4223 @ 5 μm (1) (2) |
| Reflection Loss : |
46.2% at 5 μm (2 surfaces) |
| Absorption Coefficient : |
0.01 cm-1 at 3 μm |
| Reststrahlen Peak : |
n/a |
| dn/dT : |
160 x 10-6 /°C (3) |
| dn/dμ = 0 : |
10.4 μm |
| Density : |
2.33 g/cc |
| Melting Point : |
1420 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity : |
163.3 W m-1 K-1 at 273 K |
| Thermal Expansion : |
2.6 x 10-6 / at 20°C |
| Hardness : |
Knoop 1150 |
| Specific Heat Capacity : |
703 J Kg-1 K-1 |
| Dielectric Constant : |
13 at 10 GHz |
| Youngs Modulus (E) : |
131 GPa (4) |
| Shear Modulus (G) : |
79.9 GPa (4) |
| Bulk Modulus (K) : |
102 GPa |
| Elastic Coefficients : |
C11=167; C12=65; C44=80 (4) |
| Apparent Elastic Limit : |
124.1MPa (18000 psi) |
| Poisson Ratio : |
0.266 (4) |
| Solubility : |
Insoluble in Water |
| Molecular Weight : |
28.09 |
| Class/Structure : |
Cubic diamond, Fd3m |
To download this data as a pdf file, or to download our MSDS safety data sheet, please click on the links at the top of the page. To expand the transmission graphs, please click on the image.
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Refractive Index |
| µm |
No |
µm |
No |
µm |
No |
| 1.357 |
3.4975 |
1.367 |
3.4962 |
1.395 |
3.4929 |
| 1.5295 |
3.4795 |
1.660 |
3.4696 |
1.709 |
3.4664 |
| 1.813 |
3.4608 |
1.970 |
3.4537 |
2.153 |
3.4476 |
| 2.325 |
3.4430 |
2.714 |
3.4358 |
3.000 |
3.4320 |
| 3.303 |
3.430 |
3.500 |
3.4284 |
4.000 |
3.4257 |
| 4.258 |
3.4245 |
4.500 |
3.4236 |
5.000 |
3.4223 |
| 5.500 |
3.4213 |
6.000 |
3.4202 |
6.500 |
3.4195 |
| 7.000 |
3.4189 |
7.500 |
3.4186 |
8.000 |
3.4184 |
| 8.500 |
3.4182 |
10.00 |
3.4179 |
10.50 |
3.4178 |
| 11.04 |
3.4176 |
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Product Notes |
Silicon is grown by Czochralski pulling techniques (CZ) and contains some oxygen which causes an absorption band at 9 microns. To avoid this, Silicon can be prepared by a Float-Zone (FZ) process. Optical Silicon is generally lightly doped ( 5 to 40 ohm cm) for best transmission above 10 microns. Silicon has a further pass band 30 to 100 microns which is effective only in very high resistivity uncompensated material. Doping is usually Boron (p-type) and Phosphorus (n-type).
REFERENCES:
(1) Handbook Optical Constants, ed Palik, V1, ISBN 0-12-544420-6
(2) Li, Refractive Index of Germanium etc, J.Phys Chem, V9, p561, 1980
(3) Icenogle et al, Appl. Opt. V15, 2348 (1976)
(4) Wortman & Evans, V36, (1), P153 (1965)
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Data provided is extracted from our technical handbook of materials. While every attempt has been made to verify the source of the information, Crystran Ltd accept no responsibility for accuracy of data |
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